Without adequate SAM, creatine synthesis slows, leaving brain and muscle cells more vulnerable to fatigue and poor resilience under stress
Studies frequently examine continuous exposure periods followed by recovery phases to evaluate healing efficiency and systemic adaptation

6.2.2 Phase II clinical trials Based on positive Phase I results, researchers initiated the Phase II clinical trial named Airleaf (NCT05238675) in March 2022 ( Besides the Airleaf study, the research team also initiated two additional Phase II clinical trials, Clairafly (NCT05865886) and Clairleaf (NCT05846230) ( The Clairafly trial focuses on evaluating BI 1291583s safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics in adult patients with cystic fibrosis-related bronchiectasis ( The Clairleaf study represents a long-term safety and efficacy evaluation study specifically designed for bronchiectasis patients who previously participated in Airleaf or Clairafly trials ( 6.2.3 Future development plans Additionally, the Phase III randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial named AIRTIVITY (NCT06872892) is planned to commence in June 2025 ( 6.3 HSK31858 clinical studies 6.3.1 Study design and population HSK31858 has completed Phase II clinical studies (SAVE-BE) in Chinese bronchiectasis patients (Zhong et al., 2025)

doi: 10.1007/s00467-004-1713-8 75 OhY
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